Jean-Pierre Minckelers

[2] After finishing Latin school in his hometown at the age of 15, he went to the University of Leuven (French: Louvain), where he studied theology and philosophy at the Collegium Falconis.

[1][3] In the early 1780s the question of aerostats and Montgolfier balloons was occupying the mind of scientists, and Louis Engelbert, 6th Duke of Arenberg, a promoter of science and art, engaged Minckelers, Thysbaert en Carolus van Bochaute, a third natural philosopher at the university, to address the question of the best gas for balloon purposes.

As an appendix to this memoir there was a Table de gravités spécifiques des différentes espèces d'air by Thysbaert.

In his memoir Minckelers relates how he made his discovery: from the very beginning of his experiments he had had the idea of enclosing oil in the barrel of a gun and heating it in a forge.

While not at a center of higher learning, he proceeded to do research, among others on meteorology and on a Mosasaurus skeleton discovered in a local limestone quarry in 1800.

[1] On Maastricht's market square stands a statue, created by Bart van Hove, that carries an "eternal" gas light.

Statue of Minckelers with "eternal burning flame" in Maastricht
Memorial plaque at the Catholic University of Leuven
Statue of Jean-Pierre Minckelers at night
Statue of Jean-Pierre Minckelers at night