Rošker received her PhD from the University of Vienna in 1988 for her thesis Theories of the State and Anarchist Criticism of the State in China at the Turn of the Century (original in German: 'Staatstheorien und anarchistische Staatskritik in China um die Jahrhundertwende').

During her studies and later in life, she spent over ten years in People's Republic of China and Taiwan.

In these research fields, she has published over 30 books, a dozen edited volumes, as well as over 300 articles and chapters in monographs.

From 1996 to 2022, she was a professor at the Department of Asian Studies at the Faculty of Arts of the University of Ljubljana.

Rošker is the founder, the first president, and honorary member of the European Association for Chinese Philosophy[1] and the chief editor of the academic journal Asian Studies.