Although his oeuvre is small due to his short life, he is considered a significant writer in Croatian literature.

His magnum opus is considered to be his modernist novel Isušena kaljuža ('A Dried Mire', 1906–1909), which contains the psychosexual and spiritual conflicts of the iconoclastic narrator, later described[by whom?

The novel, described as the premier Croatian avant-garde major work of prose, was printed for the first time in 1956, nearly forty-six years after Polić Kamov's death.

[4] While it is unclear when, Polić chose the pseudonym Kamov after Ham (or Kam)[4] from the Old Testament, who saw his father Noah naked, but, unlike his siblings Shem and Japheth, did not cover his nakedness, thus issuing a curse.

[6] His writings have been variously labeled as proto-modernist, avant-garde, absurdist, existentialist, futurist, and surrealist, and is considered to be a highly original author for the period.

[7][8] His work paved way and influenced later Croatian authors such as Miroslav Krleža and Antun Branko Šimić.