The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA; 気象庁, Kishō-chō) is a division of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism dedicated to the scientific observation and research of natural phenomena.

The JMA is responsible for collecting and disseminating weather data and forecasts to the public, as well as providing specialized information for aviation and marine sectors.

[5] The JMA is responsible for observing, gathering and reporting weather data and forecasts, and warning for earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons and volcanic eruptions.

In 2005, in accordance with the ICAO's new CNS/ATM system, the Civil Aviation Bureau of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism set up the Air Traffic Management Center (ATMC) in Fukuoka, where the FIR is fixed.

The agency forecasts SIGMET for aircraft in flight within the Fukuoka FIR airspace, while VOLMET is broadcast by each Aviation Weather Service Center at the airports of Haneda, Narita, Centrair and Kansai.

[12] The JMA has 624 observation stations across Japan[13] which are set up at intervals of 20 km approximately[14] in order to measure the seismic intensity of earthquakes precisely.

The agency also utilizes about 2,900 seismographs[13] owned by the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED) and local governments.