Allied victory Franklin D. Roosevelt # Harry S. Truman Douglas MacArthur William Halsey Jr. Curtis LeMay Chester W. Nimitz Bernard Rawlings Hirohito Hideki Tojo Shunroku Hata Kiichiro Higuchi Tadamichi Kuribayashi † Mitsuru Ushijima † Matome Ugaki † Asia-Pacific Mediterranean and Middle East Other campaigns Coups Second Sino-Japanese War The Japan campaign was a series of battles and engagements in and around the Japanese home islands, between Allied forces and the forces of Imperial Japan during the last stages of the Pacific campaign of World War II.

In late 1944, these raids were followed by a major strategic bombing of cities, factories, and other war infrastructure throughout Japan, most notably: The air raids resulted in heavy damage to Japanese infrastructure and the deaths of 241,000–900,000 Japanese citizens (mostly civilians), as well as the loss thousands of aircraft and flak guns.

The Allies, in turn, only lost a few hundred aircraft (mostly bombers) to Japanese anti-air defenses and fighters.

The battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa foretold what was to be expected when the Japanese Home Islands were attacked.

Japan still had a homeland army of about two million soldiers and sufficient resources to cripple an Allied invasion.