Japanese mahjong
[4] There are several manga and anime devoted to dramatic and comic situations involving mahjong (see Media).
Some rules may have red number five tiles which work as dora that earn more han value.
Named as each tile consists of a number of bamboo sticks (also interpreted as strings) that hold a hundred coins each.
The modern Japanese standard uses wan as the suit's suffix, most western languages including English will use man instead to avoid confusion with "one".
White (白, haku), Green (發, hatsu), and Red (中, chun).
The kanji of the Green dragon tiles in Japan is usually 𤼵 which is slightly different from 發 since it includes the radical 矢 instead of 殳.
Valid collections of three tiles are called groups (mentsu), divided into triplets (kōtsu) and sequences (shuntsu).
As a possible house rule, a player can choose to reveal their hand to win more points if successful, which is called open riichi (オープン立直, ōpun rīchi).
[10] The declaration increases the hand count allowing the player to score extra points.
Dora (ドラ) are bonus tiles that add han value to a winning hand.
The indicator is flipped immediately after the quad is called, and after that the player draws a supplemental tile for their hand from the back end of the dead wall.
Additional bonus points can be awarded on the following situation: Among the modern mahjong variants, the Japanese scoring system is unique.
A hand winner acquires points based on these values, which correspond to a points-value table.
A player winning a hand via a self-drawn tile is called a "tsumo" (ツモ or 自摸), in which all opponents would pay the points to the winner.
Based on the scoring table, the number of points payable depends on which player is the dealer, which in the case, had a 1.5x multiplier.
In many mahjong variants, discards are simply placed in the middle of the table in a disorganized fashion.
However, with the Japanese variant, tiles are neatly placed in order of discard in front of each player.
The player is then said to be in a state of furiten (振聴):[13] In Japanese mahjong, many rules allow abortive draws to be declared while tiles are still available.
A game ends when a player's score becomes negative (below zero), or in some rare local rules, at zero points or less.
Some rule sets allow for the last dealer to decide whether to continue playing extra hands in the final round or stop.
In an optional rule called yakitori (焼き鳥), if one did not win a hand in a match, that player pays a penalty.
Often in mahjong parlors across Japan, an additional bonus payment called shūgi (祝儀) is given to players who won their hand.
Japanese mahjong is reliant on both skill and luck, so strategy focuses on gaining probabilistic and strategical advantages.
Unlike betting variations of mahjong, decisions are made compared to other players instead of a strict expected value basis.
As a consequence, discards should also aim to increase the ukeire (受け入れ) of the hand, the number of tiles that can be drawn to reduce shanten.
The sacred discard rules (furiten) can be used to identify safe tiles known as genbutsu (現物).
Push-fold lies on a spectrum of decisions including betaori (ベタ降り), the complete abandonment of winning in order to avoid dealing in to a tenpai player; zentsuppa (全ツッパ), conversely aiming to complete one's hand without regard to the risk their discarded tiles may pose; and mawashi (回し打ち), stepping back in shanten to avoid dealing in while still leaving open the opportunity to win the hand.
There is a four player version called "Clear Mahjong" that was created by Noboyuki Fukomoto for the manga "Ten: Tenhōdōri No Kaidanji".
A live action series named Shin Janki (真・雀鬼) features the game involving yakuza and gambling, while employing various cheating tactics and techniques.
Furthermore, riichi mahjong is found in several video game series as a Minigame, two popular examples of which being the Like a Dragon franchise and Final Fantasy XIV.
