Hōō Maru (鳳凰丸, Phoenix) was a western-style sail frigate, constructed by the Tokugawa shogunate of Bakumatsu period Japan in response to the Perry Expedition and increasing incursions of foreign warships into Japanese territorial waters.

[2] Following this incident, a Western-style sloop, Soshun Maru, was constructed at Uraga, partly based on observations of Biddle's ship by local shipwrights.

Following the July 1853 visit of Commodore Perry, an intense debate erupted within the Japanese government on how to handle the unprecedented threat to the nation's capital, and the only universal consensus was that steps be taken immediately to bolster Japan's coastal defenses.

During the Boshin War, she escaped Edo prior to its fall to forces of the Satchō Alliance, and went to Sendai Domain, from which she joined Enomoto Takeaki’s fleet and sailed for in December 1868.

After the Naval Battle of Hakodate Bay, and the fall of the Goryōkaku, she sailed on July 15, 1869, with 305 colonists for Muroran, where she was seized by the Japanese government.