Planted with trees and spices taken from outside the island by Pierre Poivre, the garden is home to a natural history museum opened in August 1855.
The garden's golden era came at the beginning of the 19th century, when its plants were tended to by famous botanists such as Joseph Hubert, Nicolas Bréon and Jean-Michel-Claude Richard.
7000 of its plants were distributed to the islanders in 1825 as part of a scheme to improve the colonial agriculture.
Today, the garden's main entrance faces the historic Rue de Paris.
The Jardin de l'État was classified as a monument historique by the French Government on December 29, 1978.