The area of Jashpur State was ruled by a Dom dynasty at the time of the Mughal Empire.

Sujan Rai, a son of the Suryavanshi Raja of Banswada in Rajputana, arrived to the place and saw that the population was not satisfied with their ruler, Raibhan Dom.

Sujan led a rebellion, defeated and killed the Dom Raja in battle, and proclaimed himself king.

The Chauhan Rajput rajas of Jashpur accepted the sovereignty of the Bhonsle dynasty of Nagpur State, paying a tribute of 21 buffalos.

The last ruler of this princely state signed the accession to the Indian Union on 1 January 1948.