Kelce played college football for the Cincinnati Bearcats and was selected by the Eagles in the sixth round of the 2011 NFL draft.

[2][3] Outside of football, Kelce and his brother, Travis, co-host the podcast New Heights, on which they discuss their playing careers and various other topics.

He is the older brother of Travis Kelce, a tight end for the Kansas City Chiefs.

[5] Jason attended Cleveland Heights High School, where he played both running back and linebacker and was twice named All-Lake Erie League.

[8][9] A former walk-on running back, Kelce switched to fullback and then finally to offensive line after redshirting his initial year at the University of Cincinnati (UC),[10] seeing action at center and guard in nine games in 2007 as the Bearcats went 10–3 and defeated Southern Mississippi 31–21 in the PapaJohns.com Bowl.

[15] In 2009, Kelce earned second-team All-Big East honors after starting 13 games at left guard as the Bearcats went undefeated in the regular season (12–0) and were again Big East Champions, once again earning a BCS Bowl berth, losing to Florida 51–24 in the Allstate Sugar Bowl.

Despite lacking true NFL size, Kelce was projected a fourth round pick.

[24] Kelce was unable to practice or sign a contract until the NFL lockout was lifted on July 25, 2011.

[27] Kelce battled incumbent starter Jamaal Jackson for the center job early in training camp in August.

[41] During the Eagles' Super Bowl parade on February 8, 2018, Kelce garnered national attention after giving an impassioned speech where he defended his teammates, coaches, and front office and compared Eagles fans to hungry dogs who "for 52 years have been starved of this championship,"[42] while dressed as a mummer.

[43] During the 2019 season, Kelce was elected to his third Pro Bowl and received his third straight First-team All-Pro Honor.

[45][46] He was placed on the COVID list on January 3, 2022, and activated four days later, allowing him to keep his consecutive starts streak alive.

[51] On March 11, 2022, after mulling retirement before the 2022 offseason, Kelce signed a new one-year deal with the Eagles worth $14 million, which made him the highest paid center in the NFL.

[57] In Week 6, Kelce broke the Eagles record for most consecutive starts that was previously held by Jon Runyan.

He and the Eagles ended their season with a 32-9 loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the NFC Wild Card playoff game.

[60] During his career, Kelce was named to seven total Pro Bowls and six first-team All Pros, making him one of the most decorated offensive linemen in NFL history.

He is one of just two centers in league history to make both the Pro Bowl and be named an All-Pro in three consecutive seasons along with Dwight Stephenson of the Miami Dolphins.

[62] On March 4, 2023, Jason appeared on Saturday Night Live (SNL) when Travis was that episode's host, and appeared as both an audience member with his parents and in a sketch with his brother and SNL cast members Heidi Gardner and Chloe Fineman.

[68] On November 9, 2023, Kelce joined Al Michaels and Kirk Herbstreit in the commentary booth during the live broadcast of the Week 10 NFL game between the Chicago Bears and the Carolina Panthers on Thursday Night Football, broadcast on Prime Video.

[71] On April 6, 2024, Kelce and former Eagles teammate Lane Johnson (wearing Luchador masks) participated in WrestleMania XL, helping Rey Mysterio and Andrade win their match.

[9] Donna Kelce is known for attending both of her sons' games and is often seen wearing a two-sided jersey featuring both of their numbers.

She traveled from Tampa to Kansas City to attend both of her sons' Wild Card round games on January 16, 2022.