[1] Born in Shinrone, County Offaly, Sampson first came to hurling prominence at juvenile and underage levels with the Shinrone club before eventually progressing onto the club's senior team.
He first appeared on the inter-county scene with the Offaly minor team before later lining out with the under-21 side.
[2][3] Sampson made his first appearance with the Offaly senior hurling team during the 2016 National League.
He secured his first silverware during the 2021 season, when Offaly claimed the National League Division 2A and Christy Ring Cup titles.
[4] He won a Joe McDonagh Cup medal as team captain after a defeat of Laois in the 2024 final.