According to Fabricio Amorim from the Brazilian National Indigenous People Foundation (FUNAI), the region contains "the greatest concentration of isolated groups in the Amazon and the world".

for non-indigenous people to enter the territory; the area (along with its inhabitants) is observed by the government from the air with rare overland treks by FUNAI officials and local guides.

This occurred on a large scale in the valley of the Javery, in the Acre country, and in the Itenez basin in Bolivia..."In October 2009, a plane with eleven people aboard emergency-landed in the middle of the reservation.

People from the Matis tribe found the wreckage and alerted local authorities, who dispatched a rescue mission that flew nine survivors out of the reservation.

[10] Vale do Javari is the setting of the 2011 report The Unconquered: In Search of the Amazon's Last Uncontacted Tribes by National Geographic writer Scott Wallace.