Dufresne was withdrawn from the mission in 1857 and sent to a seminary in Montreal, Cuoq applied himself in studying the Mohawk language.
He was then attached to the parochial church of Notre Dame at Montreal, remaining there several years until he returned to the Lac des Deux-Montagnes about 1885.
Due to his missionary work he was named by the Algonquins (Nipissings) Nìj-Kwenàtc-anìbìc, meaning "double beautiful leaf" or "second Bellefeuille", and by the Iroquois (Mohawks) Orakwanen-takon, meaning "fixed star," probably because of the immobility of his left eye which had been damaged by an accident in his youth.
His numerous works, all published in Montreal, gained him admission to many scientific societies of Europe and America.
The former Cuoq Township of Bas-Saint-Laurent, now part of Matane Regional County Municipality, Quebec, was named in his honour.