Jean-Baptiste Eugène Abel (12 January 1863 – 30 September 1921) was a French politician who was briefly Minister of Labor and Social Welfare, and later was Governor-General of Algeria.

His father, Alphonse Abel, proclaimed the Republic in Toulon on 5 September 1870, and was interim mayor of the city.

In 1891 he was elected in a by-election to the General Council of the Var department representing Toulon West.

He was reelected in the April–May 1914 general elections, and was appointed Minister of Labor and Social Welfare in the short-lived cabinet of Alexandre Ribot, holding office from 9–13 June 1914.

"[2] In July 1919 Abel accepted the post of Governor-General of Algeria from Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau, holding this office while remaining a deputy.

He was unable to solve these problems, but remained in Algeria until 31 August 1921, when he returned to Toulon in deteriorating health.