Jean-François Pierre Peyron (15 December 1744 – 20 January 1814) was a French Neoclassical painter, printmaker, and art collector.

He studied law until the death of his father in 1765, at which point Peyron enrolled in the École de dessin [fr] (Drawing School) in Aix.

[1] In 1767, Peyron moved to Paris at the age of twenty-three where he entered the atelier of Rococo painter Louis Jean François Lagrenée.

[2] He was one of the first to re-apply the Classic principles of composition, in the manner of Poussin, while the prevailing fashion was in favour of Rococo.

Of the six artists approved to compete, first prize was awarded to Peyron for a now lost painting, but for which an engraving survives.