(Jean himself was a member of the consistory of the reformed church of Paris and the father of Joseph Pelet de la Lozère (1785–1871), conseiller d'État, peer of France several times a minister in the July Monarchy).
Inclining towards the Girondist position, he was absent on a government commission during the trial of Louis XVI, and supported the opponents of Maximilien Robespierre on 9 thermidor in 1794, saying: The arbitrary proscriptions that they followed ... are the height of tyranny ; it was the arm of the monster from whom you have purged the land, and vowing horror to his execrable memory, you reserve the same torment for perverse, cruel and abominable men who served his raged, and those who tried to imitate just as revolting an example.As a result, he asked the surviving members of the former Committee of Public Safety to stand down.
He presided over the assembly from March to April 1795 during the insurrection of 12 Germinal, Year III and then, after the sitting when the head of député Féraud was shown to the delegates, he said: You have arrived at this point in the Revolution, when you are no longer allowed to deviate from the path of wisdom.
After the constitutional session, 71 departments elected him their deputy on the Council of Five Hundred on 23 vendémiaire year 4, including Lozère by 123 votes out of 129.
Pelet took an oath in preparation for becoming a member of the upper chamber during the July Monarchy, but ill health meant that he could only attend very occasionally.