The Jefferson County Courthouse located in Fairfield, Iowa, United States was built from 1890 to 1893.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981 as a part of the County Courthouses in Iowa Thematic Resource.

[3] By 1875 the building was in poor condition and court sessions were held in Harmony Church.

A poor economy delayed the construction of a new courthouse with three successive failed bond referendums.

The exterior is constructed in Cleveland grey sandstone on the first level and brick on the rest.