[2] The Meadowcroft Rockshelter and Pine Bank Covered Bridge are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Jefferson Township has five borders: the townships of Hanover to the north, Smith to the northeast, Cross Creek from the east to south-southeast, and Independence to the south, and Brooke County, West Virginia to the west.

At the 2000 census, there were 1,218 people, 469 households, and 354 families living in the township.

[5] Of the 469 households 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.0% were married couples living together, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.5% were non-families.

Meadowcroft Rockshelter is located along the southern boundary of the township.