Jeffersonville is part of the Macon metropolitan statistical area.

The city was named after the Jefferson family of settlers.

Interstate 16 runs northwest to southeast just south of the city, leading southeast 148 mi (238 km) to Savannah and northwest 25 mi (40 km) to Macon.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.7 square miles (9.6 km2), all land.

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 977 people, 375 households, and 199 families residing in the city.