Jerônimo de Sousa Monteiro (June 4, 1870 – October 23, 1933) was a Brazilian politician.

"Work and trust" being a shortened version of a quote from the Spanish Jesuit father José de Anchieta, "Work as if everything depended on you, and trust as if everything depended on God".

Jerônimo Monteiro helped on the improvement of the urbanization of the capital city, Vitória, adding it better services of potable water, sewage and electric power; he also reformed the port of Vitória and the public hospital of the Holly House of the Mercy.

However, Jerônimo Monteiro was the leader of a strong political group in South Espírito Santo, which was a group basically composed by landowners, and opposed to the more heterogeneous socially political group from the central region of Espírito Santo.

By the time his brother Bernardino de Sousa Monteiro was in his late term, Jerônimo Monteiro tried to impede Nestor Gomez, legally elected governor of Espírito Santo in 1924, to be inaugurated officially, though he could not succeed on that.