Jewish mystical exegesis is a method of interpreting the Bible based on the assumption that the Torah contains secret knowledge regarding creation and the manifestations of God.
The name of God is considered one of the greatest sources of power and is assumed to be hidden in various forms throughout the text.
Much activity involves rearranging the breaks between words to seek out different names for God as well as other aspects of hidden knowledge.
[1] The Zohar was originally considered to be a revelation from God through R. Simeon ben Yohai, though it was most likely written by Moses de Leon of Spain in the 13th century.
When the 4th category is added, the acrostic forms the four-fold exegetical method called PaRDeS ("Paradise") which can be achieved once one understands the Torah in all four modes of interpretation.