The Jiangxi Federation of Trade Unions (JXFTU; Chinese: 江西省总工会), a provincial branch of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU), was formally established in June 1927 in Nanchang during the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)-led labor movement.
[1][2] Its origins trace to revolutionary organizations such as the Anyuan Railway and Mine Workers' Club in 1922, which led the Anyuan Miners' Strike against foreign-controlled collieries, mobilizing over 13,000 workers under leaders like Liu Shaoqi and Li Lisan.
[3] During the Second Sino-Japanese War, the JXFTU operated clandestinely in the Jinggang Mountains, organizing sabotage of Japanese tungsten ore shipments and supporting the CCP's New Fourth Army.
[4][5] Post-1949, the JXFTU centralized labor governance in state-owned industries, overseeing key enterprises like the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation in 1951 and promoting Soviet-modeled Socialist Production Competitions.
During the 1980s economic reforms, it mediated labor disputes in emerging private manufacturing zones such as Ganzhou's rare earth processing plants and implemented China's first rural migrant worker legal aid programs in 1989.