Johann Caspar Füssli (3 January 1706 – 6 May 1782) was a Swiss portrait painter and art historian.

He studied painting in Vienna between 1724 and 1731, and then became a portraitist in the courts of southern Germany.

In 1736, he returned to Zürich, where he painted members of the government and figures of the Enlightenment era such as Johann Jakob Bodmer and Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock.

He also wrote and illustrated two dictionaries of Swiss painters and became well known as an art historian.

Johann Caspar Füssli died in Zürich in 1782.