Johann Christian Gebauer (6 August 1808 – 24 January 1884) was a Danish composer, organist and music theorist.
He lived with his paternal grandmother during his childhood in Christiansfeld where he received a strict and religious upbringing.
He received his first formal training in music from German-born composer Friedrich Kuhlau.
In 1842, he became editor of "Sangfuglen", a compilation of the compositions of budding Danish composers.
He was employed at the Royal Danish Academy of Music as a teacher in harmony from 1866-1883.