[11] His paternal grandparents were Johannes de Peyster, Sr. and Cornelia Lubberts.

His maternal grandparents were Gerrit Bancker, a pioneer fur trader, and Elizabeth Van Epps.

The first term began in 1729 and he was in office until 1731 when he was succeeded by Johannes "Hans" Hansen, who served from 1831 to 1732.

[14] For eleven years, he served as Commissioner of Indian Affairs for the Province of New York, appointed in 1734, 1738, 1739, and 1746.

In 1782, he was replaced in the role by his grandson, John De Peyster Douw.

[18] Together, Johannes de Peyster and his wife Anna had eight children, but only two of the last four born after 1722 survived to adulthood:[11] He was the grandfather of nine children born to his daughter Anna, including John De Peyster Douw (1756–1835), who took part in the Clinton-Sullivan Expedition and also served as Surrogate of Albany County, replacing de Peyster in 1782.