John Campbell, 1st Baron Cawdor, FRS, FSA (c. 1753 – 1 June 1821) was a British politician and military officer who sat in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1777 to 1796.

John Thorpe, Henry Tresham, James Durno and Thomas Jenkins, commissioned paintings of archaeological sites in Naples and Sicily from Xavier della Gatta, Tito Lusieri, Henry Tresham and Louis Ducros, and bought sculptures from the young Canova (including Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss), but never received them.

He also began a collection of 'Etruscan' (i.e. ancient Greek) vases from Nola and other southern Italian sites, and had further examples sent to him after his return to Britain, including the 'Campbell Krater' excavated at Lecce in 1790.

Campbell established a museum in his house in Oxford Street, London, which had an art-historical rather than decorative intention, and was hailed by the sculptor, John Flaxman, as 'excellent news for the arts'.

In 1804 he added to his extensive land-holdings by inheriting John Vaughan's estates at Golden Grove, Carmarthenshire.

They had two children: A portrait of John Campbell was made by Joshua Reynolds (1778; now in Cawdor Castle, Nairn); a miniature of him by Richard Cosway is in the National Galleries of Scotland.