In 1886, he received a Bachelor of Law degree from the University of Edinburgh, and in 1887 migrated to Australia, where he was called to the bar on 30 November 1888.
A founding member of the Council of the Bar of New South Wales, he was also a procurator of the Presbyterian Church and a lecturer on ecclesiastical law at the University of Sydney.
In 1898 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as the Free Trade member for Woollahra.
[1] When Labor split in 1916 he was appointed Minister for Justice and Solicitor General in the second Holman ministry, and was an enthusiastic promoter of the formation of the Nationalist Party.
[2] Garland died at Bellevue Hill on 23 February 1921(1921-02-23) (aged 58), survived by his wife Isobel and their daughter, Isabel.