Professor John Hope FRSE FRS PRCPE (10 May 1725 – 10 November 1786) was a Scottish physician and botanist.

He was educated at Dalkeith Grammar School, then studied medicine at the University of Edinburgh.

However Hope saw his responsibility for materia medica as a threat to his work in botany, and therefore arranged for the chair to be split: Hope became Professor of Medicine and Botany, and a separate chair of Materia Medica are created.

Though he published only a few papers, and is therefore little remembered as a botanist, he made many early physiological experiments.

These informed his teaching, but were not published, and were only discovered in his unpublished manuscripts many years after his death.