Jumper led those Seminole who supported the Confederacy, signing a treaty with the new government in the hope of gaining an Indian state if they were successful.

[1] When the Civil War broke out, Chief Jumper reluctantly agreed to sign an alliance with the Confederate States of America.

He led these troops in the battles of Round Mountain, Chusto-Talasah, Middle Boggy, and Second Cabin Creek.

[1] Because of the Seminole alliance with the Confederacy, the United States forced the tribe to sign a new peace treaty after the war.

They were required to emancipate their slaves, and to offer those freedmen who wanted to stay in Indian Territory full citizenship in the tribe.