He attended Franklin College at the University of Georgia where he was a member of the Phi Kappa Literary Society and graduated in 1838.
Like many of his immediate relatives, LeConte studied medicine at the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons and earned his M.D.
[1] He practiced medicine until 1846 when he returned to the University of Georgia as a professor of physics and chemistry and taught there until 1855.
In September 1869, his brother Joseph arrived in California to join the faculty of the university as a professor of geology.
LeConte was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society in 1873[3] and the National Academy of Sciences in 1878.