During the seven-month trip, he collected marine specimens and recorded ocean currents, ice movements and the weather.

[citation needed] After completing the Challenger Expedition reports, Murray began work surveying the freshwater lochs of Scotland.

Murray coordinated a team of nearly 50 people who took more than 60,000 individual depth soundings and recorded other physical characteristics of the 562 lochs.

After Murray agreed to pay all expenses, the Norwegian Government lent him the research ship Michael Sars and its scientific crew.

He was joined on board by the Norwegian marine biologist Johan Hjort and the ship departed Plymouth in April 1910 for a four-month expedition to take physical and biological observations at all depths between Europe and North America.

He also noted the presence of deposits derived from the Saharan desert in deep ocean sediments and published many papers on his findings.

[4][19] Murray lived at Challenger Lodge (renamed after his expedition) on Boswall Road in Trinity, Edinburgh, with commanding views over the Firth of Forth.

[21] Murray was killed when his car overturned 10 miles (16 km) west of his home on 16 March 1914 at Kirkliston near Edinburgh.