During World War 1 the Hashemite family, under Sharif Hussein bin Ali, led an armed uprising, the Arab Revolt, against Ottoman rule.

During the Saudi conquest of the Hejaz after a series of military defeats, King Hussein of the Hashemite family abdicated from all of his secular titles in 1924 and gave them to his son Ali bin Hussein before fleeing to Aqaba, under ther rule of his son Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein, and then Cyprus after being exiled by the British.

[11][12] In 2019, Saudi Arabia concluded an agreement with Jordan to provide assistance and support to the educational sector for $50 million.

[13] On 22 June 2022, Abdullah II of Jordan met with Saudi Arabian Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

They discussed bilateral relations, investment plans and Joe Biden's Middle East visit in July.