[1] He was one of the few Africanistas officers who remained loyal to the Republican government, and he led a militia column on the Somosierra front.

[2] He led the Republican troops on the Tagus front and reorganised the Republican troops but was unable to stop the Nationalist offensive.

[3] On 24 October, he was appointed subsecretary of war[4] by Prime Minister Francisco Largo Caballero and in November 1936 was appointed commander of the Central Army.

[6] Nevertheless, he was rejected by the communists and the anarchists because he wanted to impose discipline on the Republican Army, and Soviet Ambassador Marcel Rosenberg, wanted him to be dismissed.

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