José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán y Waldstein, 10th Marquis of Santa Cruz de Mudela (18 March 1782 – 4 November 1839), was a Spanish noble, the first director of the Prado Museum, between 1817 and 1820, and Mayordomo mayor between 1822 and 1823.

He was a descendant of Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz, as eldest son of José Joaquín de Silva-Bazán (1734–1802), 9th Marquis of Santa Cruz and his second Austrian wife Mariana Waldstein (1763–1808).

He was also Gentilhombre, Mayordomo mayor and Sumiller de Corps of Ferdinand VII, member of the Regency Council during the childhood of Isabella II of Spain, Ambassador in París, special envoy to London for the coronation of George IV, and director of the Real Academia Española.

Before the Peninsular War, his father had already convinced King Charles IV not to burn the obscene paintings in the Royal collection, as was the wish of the previous king, Charles III, but to store them in a private gallery.

After the War, under impulse of Queen Maria Isabel of Braganza, the museum was created with José Gabriel de Silva-Bazán as its first director.