Among his teachers belonged the leading Czech linguist and writer Josef Jungmann and the playwright Václav Kliment Klicpera.

When the company disbanded after two years of journeying around the countryside, he returned to Prague and got a job as a clerk in an infantry regiment's office.

Because he fought for the independence of the Czech nation from Austria-Hungary, he was later marked as politically unreliable by the authorities and expelled from the Estates Theatre.

He wanted to found his own traveling theatre company but his request was rejected, so in 1851 he joined an existing one and left for a tour, together with his family.

In 1856, during his theatre's stay in Plzeň, the 48 years old Tyl died of an unknown illness and was buried at a local cemetery.

Anna bore her brother-in-law eight illegitimate children, their youngest son was born one month after Tyl died.