Joseph Gelineau, SJ (31 October 1920 – 8 August 2008) was a French Jesuit priest and composer, mainly of modern Christian liturgical music.
Having entered the Society of Jesus in 1941, he studied Catholic theology in Lyon and music in Paris.
He was one of the founders of the international study group on music and liturgy Universa Laus.
Heavily influenced by Gregorian chant, he developed his Gelineau psalmody which is used worldwide.
He collaborated with the Dominican Raymond-Jacques Tournay and R. Schwab to rework the Jerusalem Bible Psalter.