Juan Antonio Hernández Pérez de Larrea (September 30, 1730 – April 21, 1803) was a Spanish botanist, director of the Sociedad Económica de los Amigos del País, and Bishop of Valladolid.

Excelling in theological studies, he became a pastor in the town of Terriente in 1760.

Here he became invested in the botanical garden of the city, and experimented on the making of carmine dye and the spinning of silk.

In 1792 he began to collaborate with the Real Academia de Nobles y Bellas Artes de San Luis [es] (Royal Academy of Nobles and Fine Arts of San Luis).

Larrea was appointed bishop of the diocese of Valladolid in 1801.