Juan José Asenjo Pelegrina (born 15 October 1945) is a Spanish prelate of the Catholic Church who was the Archbishop of Seville from 5 November 2009 until his retirement on 17 April 2021.

From 1977 to 1979 he attended courses for a doctorate in Church history at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome.

He also held the positions of vice-rector of the seminary (1974–1977), director of the university residence "Ntra.

De la Estrella" on Sigüenza (1979–1988), director of the diocesan archive (1979–1981), diocesan director for education (1980–1982), canon in charge of the artistic heritage (1985–1997), diocesan director for cultural heritage 1985-1993), vice rector of the sanctuary of "Nuestra Señora de la Salud" of Barbatona (1994–1997).

[1] Pope Benedict XVI named him Coadjutor Archbishop of Seville on 13 November 2008,[2] and he became Archbishop of Seville on 5 November 2009, when Pope Benedict accepted the resignation of his predecessor, Cardinal Carlos Amigo Vallejo.