The Juan Fernández firecrown (Sephanoides fernandensis) is a critically endangered hummingbird in the "coquettes", tribe Lesbiini of subfamily Lesbiinae.

It is endemic to Isla Róbinson Crusoe, one of the three-island Juan Fernández archipelago belonging to Chile.

Its forehead and crown are iridescent fiery reddish yellow and the wings dark coppery gray.

[7] The Juan Fernández firecrown moves around the island, presumably in search of flowering plants, but is otherwise sedentary.

[7] The Juan Fernández firecrown forages for nectar at the flowers of native plants, especially Rhaphithamnus venustus and Sonchus brassicifolius.

It may also feed on introduced Eucalyptus and Abutilon during autumn and winter when most of the native plants are not flowering.

In addition to nectar, the species feeds on small insects taken in flight or gleaned from leaves.

The Juan Fernández firecrown's song is "a medley of high-pitched squeaky notes, dry gravelly trills and descending chatters.

Also contributing are the spread of exotic zarzamora blackberry (Rubus ulmifolius) and maqui wineberry (Aristotelia chilensis), predation by domestic and feral cats, and destruction by introduced rabbits and goats.