In 1911, the United States Congress created a single code encompassing all statutes related to the judiciary and took the opportunity to revise and unify existing laws.
The remainder of the Judicial Code of 1911 was not so much a reorganization of the structure or procedures of the federal courts as it was a standardization of law governing the judiciary.
Over more than 120 years, many contradictory statutes had accumulated through legislation approved for the purpose of organizing individual courts.
Congress had first gathered the statutes related to the judiciary into a single code in the Revised Statutes adopted in 1874, but the resulting Title XIII preserved all of the legislation then in effect without reconciling the varying rules and court structures that often applied to the same types of courts in different parts of the country.
The House narrowly defeated an amendment that would have sharply limited the ability of a corporation to remove a case regardless of the amount involved.