In Luxembourg, a further distinction is generally made between the private, social, administrative and military jurisdictions:[1] The Constitutional Court is responsible for questions over a law's compatibility with the constitution, regardless of jurisdiction.The Court is composed as follows: There are 3 Justices of the Peace, one in the city of Luxembourg, one in Esch-Alzette and one in Diekirch.
The Peace Tribunal is the first instance for civil and commercial disputes over amounts under 10,000 Euros, with some exceptions.
The principle of "double degré de juridiction" applies, which means that every matter may be abjudicated twice, both in facts as well as in law.
In exceptional cases, a court session may take place behind closed doors, as for example with witness statements by minors.
Luxembourg has in the past been disciplined by the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg under Article 6 of European Convention of Human Rights, and has been called on to provide a court system where judges, as well as parties, cannot make a case drag on for years.
During judicial recesses from 16 July to 15 September, and two weeks for Easter, the court service continues work, but in reduced form, with few sittings.