The current judiciary bases its foundation to the constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania of 1977.

The country has a dual juristition system where there is a judicial structure responsible for Tanzania Mainland and another for Zanzibar.

The Court of Appeal of the United Republic was established in 1979 as the final appellate judicial body with jurisdiction over the entire union.

By this time the Union of Tanganyika and Zanzibar had been concluded and a dual jurisdiction system was formed where Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar maintained their own judicial hierarchy systems.

[4] The High Courts was established under article 108(1) of the 1977 Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania.

[5] The High court also has three specialized divisions Commercial, Land & Labour to help expedite cases in these areas[6] Mainland Tanzania currently has 14 regional based high courts with the headquarters based in Dar es Salaam.

This is a court that hears civil matters relating to Sharia law.