Success came in 1909 on a circuit set up on roads around Sitges, near Barcelona, Spain, when he won the Catalan Cup, a victory he repeated the following year.

As part of a four-man design team led by Paul Zuccarelli and Ernest Henry, Goux helped develop a racecar powered by a radically new Straight-4 engine using a twin overhead cam.

Goux won the 1912 Sarthe Cup at Le Mans driving a Peugeot, and in 1913 he traveled with the team to the United States to compete in the Indianapolis 500.

[1] Goux reportedly consumed four bottles of champagne while driving in the Indianapolis 500 (then known as the International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race) and was later quoted as saying, "Without the good wine, I would have not been able to win."

The following year, World War I broke out in Europe and Goux's racing career had to be put aside for service in the French military.