The mosque was constructed by Iranians before the separation of Derbent from Iran as result of Treaty of Gulistan after the Russo-Persian War (Russian: Дербентская Джума-мечеть).

The Juma Mosque forms part of the Old Derbent UNESCO World Heritage Site.

In 1943, by a decree from Moscow, the mosque was returned to the clergy of the city with the right to further use it for its intended purpose.

For this reason, believers from different regions of South Dagestan came to Derbent for Friday prayers.

[3] In 2015, in preparation for the celebration of the 2000th anniversary of Derbent, restoration work was carried out at the mosque.

[2] The interior of the mosque consists of three naves, separated by square pillars with profiled capitals.