The Juventudes de Acción Popular (JAP) was the radicalised youth wing of the CEDA, the main Catholic party during part of the Second Spanish Republic.

Expelled from CEDA and JAP in 1934 for his secret talks with Alfonso XIII, he was replaced by José María Perez de Laborda.

[2] Conversely, Stanley Payne argues that JAP disliked fascist squadrism and denied that their focus on authority and leadership was to be interpreted as support for authoritarianism.

Robles himself had returned from the Nuremberg rally in 1933 and spoken of its "youthful enthusiasm, steeped in optimism, so different to the desolate and enervating scepticism of our defeatists and intellectuals."

[4] Following the CEDA defeat at the 1936 election, the exalted JAP members fled to extreme right organizations such as Falange Española and the Carlist militia Requeté.