The station is located on the Little South Line between Roskilde and Næstved via Køge, and is the terminus of an S-train line (Køgebugtbanen) that connects it to Copenhagen, and Østbanen that connects it with the Stevns Peninsula.

[2] On 4 August 1917, the Køge–Ringsted railway line which connected Køge with Ringsted in central Zealand opened.

[2] A fountain, created by the Swedish-born artist Pontus Kjerrman in 1993, located on the small square in front of the station, represents the "catwoman" and the "horseman".

[3] Køge station offers S-train services along Køge Bay to Copenhagen operated by DSB, and local train services to Roskilde and Stevns, operated by Lokaltog.

In April 2023, DSB started operating regional trains on the Næstved–Køge–Copenhagen route via the high speed Copenhagen–Køge–Ringsted Line.