The entire cities of Chigasaki, Fujisawa, Yamato, Ayase, Ebina, Zama; and parts of the city of Sagamihara, were formerly part of Kōza District.
As of 2009, the district has an estimated population of 47,812 and a density of 3,560 persons per km2.
It was mentioned in the Nihon Shoki records of 675 AD in the Nara period as Takakura District (高倉郡, Takakura-gun).
The provincial capital of Sagami Province and its kokubunji were located within Kōza District, although its exact location is today unknown.
This was moved to Fujisawa-Ōsaka Town (present-day Fujisawa) in 1906.