Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole was a Hawaiian high chief of Hilo and father of Queen Kapiʻolani.

His father was the son of Keawemauhili, the brother of King Kalaniʻōpuʻu of Hawaii Island, and joint ruler of the District of Hilo with his wife Ululani.

He served as steward for his aunt Kapiʻolani and her husband Naihe and Kūhiō converted to Christianity alongside them.

[2]: 210 He married the Princess Kinoiki Kekaulike of Kauai, daughter of King Kaumualiʻi of Kauaʻi and Niʻihau.

All of his daughters died issueless, except Victoria who gave birth to three sons: David Kawānanakoa, Edward Abnel Keliʻiahonui and Jonah Kūhiō Kalaniana'ole, his namesake.