KAUR (satellite bus)

The KAUR (Russian: КАУР, Космический Аппарат Унифицированного Ряда, Universal Spacecraft Series) program was a series of satellite buses designed and manufactured by ISS Reshetnev (then NPO PM).

From 1965 to 2009, more than 400 communications satellites, both military and civilian, were built on the basis of these platforms and their upgraded versions.

The KAUR-1 bus became the basis for a series of navigation and related satellites built by OKB-10, later renamed NPO-PM and now ISS Reshetnev.

It has a three-axis attitude control system with an accuracy of 0.25°, and independently tracking solar panels.

[5]·[6] As part of the development, in July 1974 a Proton DM rocket put a Molniya-1 into geosynchronous orbit as a test communications methods.