Kakazai

[13][16][17] It is important to note the distinction between Mamund or Mamond (ماموند / مموند), a son/descendant of the Tarkalani (ترکاڼي/ترکلاڼي), and Mohmand or Moomand (مومند / مہمند), who are descendants of the Ghoryakhel (غورياخېل) lineage.

While both tribes trace their ancestry to Qais Abdul Rasheed (Pashto: قيس عبد الرشيد) and belong to the Sarbani branch of the Pashtuns, they have evolved as distinct tribal entities with unique histories and identities.

This linguistic shift reflects the natural evolution of Pashto, driven by the adaptation of words for easier pronunciation, influenced by local dialects and tribal variations.

[25][26][27][28] The Kakazai, like other Pashtun tribes, migrated to South Asia in waves, often accompanying or following invasions led by figures such as Mahmud of Ghazni and Bahlul Lodi.

[21][1][22][29] The Kakazai were among the Pashtun tribes that held prominent roles under the Mughal Empire, serving as mansabdars (military commanders), governors, and jagirdars (landlords).

This expansion led Kakazai clans eastward into areas such as Sindh, Punjab, and Kashmir, driven by the need for agricultural land, trade, and population pressures.

Despite integrating into the socio-economic fabric of these areas, the Kakazai retained elements of their Pashtun identity, preserving tribal customs, governance structures, and the code of Pashtunwali.

[21][1][22][32] During pre-independent British India, many Kakazai, along with Burki, and other notable Pashtun families, established settlements in the Jalandhar and Gurdaspur districts, contributing to the socio-economic development of the region.

[33][28] The Kakazai maintained a degree of autonomy and self-governance, often adhering to the Pashtun code of Pashtunwali, even as they integrated into the local socio-political fabric.

Those who migrated to Pakistan often became part of the emerging economic and political fabric, contributing to the development of urban centers and maintaining their tribal affiliations.

This linguistic adaptation reflects broader patterns observed among Pashtun communities outside Pashto-dominant areas, influenced by local integration, educational systems, administrative policies, and the limited availability of Pashto-language media in such regions.